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grafio
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, garafio, graffio, gravio (<i>genet.</i> -onis) (<i>germ.</i>, <span class="fr">étymologie controversée</span> — <span class="en">origin matter of controverse</span>):<br><b>1.</b> <span class="fr"><i>fonctionnaire franc</i></span><span class="fr"> qui apparaît primitivement muni de pouvoirs exécutifs et qui, à partir du VI</span><sup><span class="fr">me</sup></span><span class="fr"> siècle, se substitue au &laquo;thunginus&raquo; comme juge présidant le &laquo;mallus&raquo;</span> — <span class="en"><i>Frankish officer</i> who at first is in evidence as possessing executory powers, later, from the sixth century onwards, as superseding the &laquo;thunginus&raquo; in the Presidency of the &laquo;mallus&raquo;</span>.<br><b>2.</b> <span class="fr">Le </span><span class="fr">&laquo;graffo&raquo; s'identifie peu à peu avec le &laquo;comes&raquo; (q. </span><span class="fr"><i>v.</i></span><span class="fr">) par un processus qui sera terminé vers la fin du VIII</span><sup><span class="fr">me</sup></span><span class="fr"> siècle.</span> — <span class="en">Gradually the &laquo;grafio&raquo; is brought on a level with the &laquo;comes&raquo; (q. <i>v.</i>) by a process which is completed towards the end of the eighth century</span>. (<span class="fr">Voir, dans l'article <i>comes</i></span><span class="fr">, sub 10, les textes où le &laquo;grafio&raquo; est distingué du &laquo;comes&raquo; et d'autres où &laquo;comes&raquo; et &laquo;grafio&raquo; sont employés comme synonymes.</span> — <span class="en">See under <i>comes</i>, rubric 10, some cases where &laquo;comes&raquo; and &laquo;grafio&raquo; are distinct and where the two words are synonymous</span>.<br><b>3.</b> <span class="fr">employé pour le </span><span class="fr"><i>gerefa</i> anglo-saxon, le <i>sheriff</i> anglais</span> — <span class="en"><i>reeve, sheriff</i></span>.
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